Why seeing Top 20 with us?
Sure, every professional driver in Sri Lanka knows the places ranked top on travelers' wishlists. And most of them are honest and kind and flexible, too. How can we make a difference then?
Except from showing you some extras along your route that most travelers miss to see, we hope to convince you of the quality of our guiding services by providing in-depth information. Just compare the well-founded background information you find for more than 200 places of interest on our linklist here with the standard phrazing you find anywhere else. Moreover, during the tour we arrange the visits in a way that is most suitable for your specific preferences. For example: If you like to see Sigiriya in a less exhausting manner, we will arrange the visit in the cooler morning hours or take serpentine pathes instead of stairways. If it's all about taking pictures, we go there in the late afternoon. If you wish to avoid the crowds, we take the early afternoon. We have the expertise to give you the best travel advice for each place. Last not least, we like to win you over as long-time friends. |
This page is about major tourist attractions. For avoiding the crowds, please find Top 20 hidden treasures by clicking here...
Sri Lanka's Top 20 Travel Destinations sorted by category
Twenty more places of interest that many Sri Lanka fans arguably would rank top 20
Top 20 Must-Sees of Sri Lanka - Our hitlist
We sorted by priority-preferences, this is to say: Places of interest we consider to be more attractive appear higher-ranked in our top 20 list. Okay, every such selection and ranking is done in a somewhat arbitrary manner. We tried not just to give the most frequented destinations, ranked by visitor numbers, but a balanced mix of various regions and diverse kinds of attractions.
1. Sigiriya - the enigmatic fortified lion rock
Sigiriya is extraordinary, a truly unforgettable travel experience. There is a reason why this World Heritage Site is Sri Lanka's most visited archaeological site at all: the spectacular setting. Rising almost 200 meters vertically from the surrounding flat pains, the so-called "Lion Rock" contains ruins on the summit as well as a heavily fortified garden palace at its foot.
Actually, there is quite a lot to see in Sigiriya: a well-preserved rectangular moat and city walls from antiquity, a symmetric watergarden as a masterpiece of irrigation engineering, one of Asia's oldest natural landscape gardens arranged in between boulders, the 1500 years old murals called "cloud damsels" in a rock shelter high above the ground, the more than 1000 years old graffiti poems of the so-called mirror wall, the brick paws of a former giant lion statue, the so called palace on the top with cisterns and pools, the function of which is debated. Conveniently, you will not miss one of those when climbing to the top, they are all en route from the access gate to the summit and back to the car park.
All in all, a visit of Sigiriya takes roughly four hours, for those in a hurry even two hours would be sufficient. The preferred time for visits of Sigiriya are the cooler morning hours. However, for taking the best pictures afternoon hours are much more recommendable. Last not least, even the noon is worth considering for the simple reason that Sigiriya is less crowded under the strongest sun and during lunchtime.
The area of Sigiriya and neighbouring towns and villages such as Dambulla and Habarana and Kandalama are a perfect location for a longer inland holiday stay, as almost all major attractions of Sri Lanka's so-called "Cultural Tringle" can be reached on one-day trips and the immediate surroundings of Sigiriya are packed with attractions of various categories: wildlife parks, village life tours, heritage sites, temples in the jungle, nature reserves, modern hotel architecture, ballooning.
More about Sigiriya...
Actually, there is quite a lot to see in Sigiriya: a well-preserved rectangular moat and city walls from antiquity, a symmetric watergarden as a masterpiece of irrigation engineering, one of Asia's oldest natural landscape gardens arranged in between boulders, the 1500 years old murals called "cloud damsels" in a rock shelter high above the ground, the more than 1000 years old graffiti poems of the so-called mirror wall, the brick paws of a former giant lion statue, the so called palace on the top with cisterns and pools, the function of which is debated. Conveniently, you will not miss one of those when climbing to the top, they are all en route from the access gate to the summit and back to the car park.
All in all, a visit of Sigiriya takes roughly four hours, for those in a hurry even two hours would be sufficient. The preferred time for visits of Sigiriya are the cooler morning hours. However, for taking the best pictures afternoon hours are much more recommendable. Last not least, even the noon is worth considering for the simple reason that Sigiriya is less crowded under the strongest sun and during lunchtime.
The area of Sigiriya and neighbouring towns and villages such as Dambulla and Habarana and Kandalama are a perfect location for a longer inland holiday stay, as almost all major attractions of Sri Lanka's so-called "Cultural Tringle" can be reached on one-day trips and the immediate surroundings of Sigiriya are packed with attractions of various categories: wildlife parks, village life tours, heritage sites, temples in the jungle, nature reserves, modern hotel architecture, ballooning.
More about Sigiriya...
2. Yala National Park - Asia's top safari destination for spotting leopards
In Asia, Sri Lanka is a favourite destination of wildlife enthusiasts. The dry zone jungles in the north and east of the island are crowded with national parks, the most famous one of which is Yala. Actually, Yala many consider Yala to be the best place on the planet for observing leopards. Sri Lanka's two oldest and largest national parks, Wilpattu and Yala, have the highest density of leopard population worldwide. Chances to spot them are even better in Yala than in Wilpattu, as there are more open grasslands and swamps and rock boulders which, besides branches of trees, are the leopards' favourite resting places.
Among the island's national parks, Yala has the most appealing landscape. This is due to the fact that there is an extremely large variety of ecosystems in this park, which in return is the reason for the biodiversity. Crocodiles and elephants can be sighted on almost every safari. With a little luck, sloth bears can be seen from July onwards. Yala is also rich in birdlife.
Yala Block 1 can be easily explored on half-day and full-day safaris. As Yala National Park is a very popular travel destination, Block 1 is often crowded with jeeps. Special permissions are required to explore the other blocks of the park, they are rarely frequented by other groups. Particularly, Block 2 along the coastline just to the east of Block 1 is similarly rich in animal life and in open grasslands. Block 2 is the perfect chance to experience an undisturbed part of Sri Lanka's impressive wilderness.
Several towns near Yala offer a wide range of accommodations, first of all Tissamaharama, but the pilgrimage site Kataragama is also worth considering. For those who like to combine safari adventures with relaxing beach holidays, Kirinda is the perfect choice. Several other national parks and sanctuaries can be visited in the immediate surroundings. Bundala National Park is famous for elephants and birdlife, another birdwatching area is Wirawila near Tissamaharama further inland. Lunugamvehera National Park even further north has a big lake and is quite rarely frequented by tourists. Remnants of ancient temples can be seen in Tissamaharama town and, within Yala National Park territory, at a quite scenic place called Situlpahuwa.
More about Yala...
Among the island's national parks, Yala has the most appealing landscape. This is due to the fact that there is an extremely large variety of ecosystems in this park, which in return is the reason for the biodiversity. Crocodiles and elephants can be sighted on almost every safari. With a little luck, sloth bears can be seen from July onwards. Yala is also rich in birdlife.
Yala Block 1 can be easily explored on half-day and full-day safaris. As Yala National Park is a very popular travel destination, Block 1 is often crowded with jeeps. Special permissions are required to explore the other blocks of the park, they are rarely frequented by other groups. Particularly, Block 2 along the coastline just to the east of Block 1 is similarly rich in animal life and in open grasslands. Block 2 is the perfect chance to experience an undisturbed part of Sri Lanka's impressive wilderness.
Several towns near Yala offer a wide range of accommodations, first of all Tissamaharama, but the pilgrimage site Kataragama is also worth considering. For those who like to combine safari adventures with relaxing beach holidays, Kirinda is the perfect choice. Several other national parks and sanctuaries can be visited in the immediate surroundings. Bundala National Park is famous for elephants and birdlife, another birdwatching area is Wirawila near Tissamaharama further inland. Lunugamvehera National Park even further north has a big lake and is quite rarely frequented by tourists. Remnants of ancient temples can be seen in Tissamaharama town and, within Yala National Park territory, at a quite scenic place called Situlpahuwa.
More about Yala...
3. Polonnaruwa - Sri Lanka's most impressive lost temple city in the jungles
Sri Lanka experts might be surprised to find Polonnaruwa ranked higher than Anuradhapura in our list, the latter being larger and historically by far more significant. However, what makes Polonnaruwa even more attractive for today's visitors is this: 1. Because the edifices are younger, they are in a much better state of preservation. 2. Polonnaruwa is less spacious, but it's more densely covered with buildings.
What can be seen in Polonnaruwa today, is mostly from the second half of the 12th century. Conveniently for today's visitors, all major places of interest within the archaeological park are found arranged in one axis. From south to north you will first see the citadel with remnants of King Parakramabahu the Great's palace and thron hall, close to the northern gate is Shiva Devale No. 2 from the late Polonnaruwa period (early 13th century). Further north is the platform known as "quadrangle", where, among others, the iconic circular temple known as "Vatadage" and the former tooth temple and Thuparama, which is one of the three largest image houses, are placed. A short detour to the east leads to double-dome stupa of the Polonnaruwa style and the "Shiva Devale No. 2", which despite it's name is the oldest surviving structure in town, as it was built already during to the period of Chola occupation in the mid 11th century. Further north, you will see the Rankot Vehera to the left, which is the largest stupa dome of Polonnaruwa. Slightly further north is the compound of the former main monastery, this complex know known as Alahena Pirivena is densely covered with sacred buildings of various types, the ceremonial hall and the large Lankatilaka image house being the most remakable of them. Only a few hundred meters further north is Polonnaruwa's major attraction, the world-famous group of rock-cut Buddhas called "Gal Vihara". 2 km further north are the lotus bath Nelum Pokuna and the third of the three large image houses, Tivanka, which is famous for its 12th century murals.
Outside the archaeological park that can only be entered with tickets are further ancient sites, most notably the palace of King Nissanka Malla at the reservoir Topa Wewa and the nearby Archaeological Museum and 1.5 km further south the Potgul Vihara with the nearby enigmatic rock statue often (wrongly) identiefied as King Parkramabahu the Great.
Boat rides on Topa Wewa are recommendable particularly between November and May, when sometimes wild elephants or even herds can be seen coming to the reservoire for a refreshing bath in the evening.
Jeep safaris to observe large herds of elephants are on offer in the Minneriya and Kaudulla national parks in about 30km distance. Smaller jeep safaris are available in Angammedilla National Park much closer by.
The most rewarding heritage destinations in the surroundings of Polonnaruwa are Dimbulagala and Minneriya.
More about Polonnaruwa...
What can be seen in Polonnaruwa today, is mostly from the second half of the 12th century. Conveniently for today's visitors, all major places of interest within the archaeological park are found arranged in one axis. From south to north you will first see the citadel with remnants of King Parakramabahu the Great's palace and thron hall, close to the northern gate is Shiva Devale No. 2 from the late Polonnaruwa period (early 13th century). Further north is the platform known as "quadrangle", where, among others, the iconic circular temple known as "Vatadage" and the former tooth temple and Thuparama, which is one of the three largest image houses, are placed. A short detour to the east leads to double-dome stupa of the Polonnaruwa style and the "Shiva Devale No. 2", which despite it's name is the oldest surviving structure in town, as it was built already during to the period of Chola occupation in the mid 11th century. Further north, you will see the Rankot Vehera to the left, which is the largest stupa dome of Polonnaruwa. Slightly further north is the compound of the former main monastery, this complex know known as Alahena Pirivena is densely covered with sacred buildings of various types, the ceremonial hall and the large Lankatilaka image house being the most remakable of them. Only a few hundred meters further north is Polonnaruwa's major attraction, the world-famous group of rock-cut Buddhas called "Gal Vihara". 2 km further north are the lotus bath Nelum Pokuna and the third of the three large image houses, Tivanka, which is famous for its 12th century murals.
Outside the archaeological park that can only be entered with tickets are further ancient sites, most notably the palace of King Nissanka Malla at the reservoir Topa Wewa and the nearby Archaeological Museum and 1.5 km further south the Potgul Vihara with the nearby enigmatic rock statue often (wrongly) identiefied as King Parkramabahu the Great.
Boat rides on Topa Wewa are recommendable particularly between November and May, when sometimes wild elephants or even herds can be seen coming to the reservoire for a refreshing bath in the evening.
Jeep safaris to observe large herds of elephants are on offer in the Minneriya and Kaudulla national parks in about 30km distance. Smaller jeep safaris are available in Angammedilla National Park much closer by.
The most rewarding heritage destinations in the surroundings of Polonnaruwa are Dimbulagala and Minneriya.
More about Polonnaruwa...
4. Anuradhapura - the island's ancient capital with the largest dagabas of Asia
Anuradhapura is one of the largest archaeological sites in Asia. It had been Sri Lanka's capital, before it has fallen into decay since the 11th century. Highlights for lovers of Buddhist art are the three largest stupas of Asia and some small but excellent sculptures and carvings.
The centre of Anuradhapura is marked by the once fortified inner city, which is now called citadel. Not as much can be seen here as in front of the city gates, except from a former tooth temple, the first one in Sri Lanka, and one of Anuradhapura's five big "rice boats", troughs for handing rice to the monks.
Surrounding the inner city are three extremely large monastic complexes, each of them marked by one of the record-breaking stupas. Mahavihara in the south, which includes the white dome of Ruwanweliseya and the Bo-tree and the 400 columns of the former Brazen Palace, was the island's oldest monastery. Abhayagiri to the north of the citadel is an even larger complex, walking around in the jungle crowded with ruins here is quite rewarding. Masterpieces of art in the Abhayagiri compound and nearby are the famous moonstone, the best-preserved Nagaraja guardian statue, the celebrated Samadhi Buddha, and the Twin Ponds. The youngest of the 3 largest monasteries is from the 3rd and 4th century, the Jetavanarama has the largest stupa and the largest monument ever built of baked stone.
Further attractions can be found in all directions. Most remarkably are the Western Monasteries of austere hermites, they are almost free of pieces of art, with one remarkable exception: the urinal stones. The most delightful area of Anuradhapura is the very south at the Tissa Tank. Here you can find the Goldfish Park, one of the earliest landscape gardens of Asia and known by occultists foir its stargate, close-by the Isurumuniya rock monastery with several truly extraordinary works of relief art, and even further south the romantic boulder temple of Vessagiriya, which is rarely visited.
The major natural attraction that can be reached on a day-trip from Anuradhpura is Wilpattu, the island's first and largest national park.
Several other ancient sites can be found in 10 to 70 km distance from Anuradhapura, namely Mihintale, the cradle of the nation's Buddhism, the charming Hatthikucchi pilgrimage site, the rock-cut reclining Buddha of Thanthirimale, the imposing standing rock-cut Buddha of Aukana, his lonesome brother in Sasseruwa, and the medival rock fortress of Yapahuwa, to mention only the most significant ones.
More about Anuradhapura...
The centre of Anuradhapura is marked by the once fortified inner city, which is now called citadel. Not as much can be seen here as in front of the city gates, except from a former tooth temple, the first one in Sri Lanka, and one of Anuradhapura's five big "rice boats", troughs for handing rice to the monks.
Surrounding the inner city are three extremely large monastic complexes, each of them marked by one of the record-breaking stupas. Mahavihara in the south, which includes the white dome of Ruwanweliseya and the Bo-tree and the 400 columns of the former Brazen Palace, was the island's oldest monastery. Abhayagiri to the north of the citadel is an even larger complex, walking around in the jungle crowded with ruins here is quite rewarding. Masterpieces of art in the Abhayagiri compound and nearby are the famous moonstone, the best-preserved Nagaraja guardian statue, the celebrated Samadhi Buddha, and the Twin Ponds. The youngest of the 3 largest monasteries is from the 3rd and 4th century, the Jetavanarama has the largest stupa and the largest monument ever built of baked stone.
Further attractions can be found in all directions. Most remarkably are the Western Monasteries of austere hermites, they are almost free of pieces of art, with one remarkable exception: the urinal stones. The most delightful area of Anuradhapura is the very south at the Tissa Tank. Here you can find the Goldfish Park, one of the earliest landscape gardens of Asia and known by occultists foir its stargate, close-by the Isurumuniya rock monastery with several truly extraordinary works of relief art, and even further south the romantic boulder temple of Vessagiriya, which is rarely visited.
The major natural attraction that can be reached on a day-trip from Anuradhpura is Wilpattu, the island's first and largest national park.
Several other ancient sites can be found in 10 to 70 km distance from Anuradhapura, namely Mihintale, the cradle of the nation's Buddhism, the charming Hatthikucchi pilgrimage site, the rock-cut reclining Buddha of Thanthirimale, the imposing standing rock-cut Buddha of Aukana, his lonesome brother in Sasseruwa, and the medival rock fortress of Yapahuwa, to mention only the most significant ones.
More about Anuradhapura...
5. Adam's Peak - the island's landmark mountain sacred to four world religions
Due to its conical form, Adam's Peak has been the iconic mountain of Sri Lanka known to travelers since antiquity, for example recorded by Marco Polo. It's a holy mountain of Buddhists and Hindus and Muslims and Christians alike. To Buddhists the mountain is better known as Siri Pada, meaning "Sacred Foot", as they venerate an immersion in the form footprint on the very top as left by the Buddha on his legendary third visit to the island, whereas Hindus believe it to be created by Lord Shiva himself. The name "mountain of Adam" was first given by Arabian seafarers, an Arabian legend has it that when Adam had to leave paradise, he set his first footstep atop this mountain, which accordingly on earth is the point closest to paradise. It is said that from the summit you can still hear the rivers of paradise flowing. Last not least Christian claim that the footprint was left by Apostle Thomas.
Ceremonies are held in and around the temple sheltering the sacred footprint every morning at sunrise. This is the reason why most pilgrims and travelers alike start their climb to the top at around 2.00 in the night in order to reach the summit in time. The climb from Nallathanniya (formerly known as Dalhousie) at the Hatton side you have to climb a stairway of 4,800 steps. The traditional pilgrimage route, however, is from the lowland Ratnapura side and even longer and more challenging, climbing about 6,000 steps. After sunrise, a cloudless morning hour provided, the famous triangle shadow of the conical mountain can be seen falling into the lowlands, but sighting it is a rare event. The propitious luck to see the triangle shadow occurs only on 10 to 20% of the mornings during the local dry season, which corresponds to the period between fullmoon festival in December and fullmoon night in May.
Adam's Peak alias Siri Pada has definitely the most spectacular 360 degree panoramic view of Sri Lanka. You will definitely believe to be closest to paradise when reaching the top and quite exhausted after returning to your hotel or guesthouse for a late breakfast.
More about Adam's Peak...
Ceremonies are held in and around the temple sheltering the sacred footprint every morning at sunrise. This is the reason why most pilgrims and travelers alike start their climb to the top at around 2.00 in the night in order to reach the summit in time. The climb from Nallathanniya (formerly known as Dalhousie) at the Hatton side you have to climb a stairway of 4,800 steps. The traditional pilgrimage route, however, is from the lowland Ratnapura side and even longer and more challenging, climbing about 6,000 steps. After sunrise, a cloudless morning hour provided, the famous triangle shadow of the conical mountain can be seen falling into the lowlands, but sighting it is a rare event. The propitious luck to see the triangle shadow occurs only on 10 to 20% of the mornings during the local dry season, which corresponds to the period between fullmoon festival in December and fullmoon night in May.
Adam's Peak alias Siri Pada has definitely the most spectacular 360 degree panoramic view of Sri Lanka. You will definitely believe to be closest to paradise when reaching the top and quite exhausted after returning to your hotel or guesthouse for a late breakfast.
More about Adam's Peak...
6. Kandy - the charming hill capital with the temple enshrining the most sacred Buddhist relic
Kandy is somewhat the cultural capital of the Sinhalese. One reason ist that in contrast to the coastal plains, Kandy and the central highland managed to remain independent from foreign colonial rule 3 centuries longer.
Kandy's major attraction is the Tooth Temple sheltering the most revered relic of the Buddhist world. Don't miss to join one of the three daily puja ceremonies, it's really authentic and impressive, despite this temple being a major tourist attraction.
The immediate surroundings of the temple compound belong to the World Heritage Site "Sacred City of Kandy" as well. Three temples called Devales, dedicated to Hindu deities, are located in the same garden as the Tooth Temple. Remarkably, they are mainly frequented by Buddhist Sinhalese devotees. Only the fourth so-called Devale, the one dedicated to Kataragama, is found at a different location, viz. in the town centre. The priests in the Kataragama Devale or not Sinhalese Kapuralas but Tamil Brahmins.
The largest Buddhist monastery of Kandy - and arguably the most important one of Sri Lanka at all - is the Malwatha Viharaya just at the opposite (southern) side of the Kandy Lake. Don't miss to visit the small museum embedded in a former monks' living quarter.
Moreover, there are three major museums in the immediate neigbourhood of the Tooth Temple, the Archaeological Museum, the National Museum, and the World Buddhist Museum. The Tea Msueum is in a suburb named Hantana. The world-famous Royal Botanical Garden is situated in the university suburb known as Peradeniya.
One major attraction of Kandy is its setting, surrounded by forested hills like Udawattakale, which is rich in birdlife, or Bahiravakanda, crowned by the huge seated Buddha overlooking the town. The best viewpoint, however, is Senani at the southern side of Kandy Lake.
Kandy is also a handicraft centre of the island and thereby the perfect place for a shopping tour including local markets and cultural exhibitions. Gem traders have most operate branches in Kandy as well.
Last not least, a visit to Kandy would not be complete without visiting one of the three major daily cultural and dance shows. The traditional dance style include courtly styles with impressive acrobatics and rural style including demon mask dances.
More about Kandy...
Kandy's major attraction is the Tooth Temple sheltering the most revered relic of the Buddhist world. Don't miss to join one of the three daily puja ceremonies, it's really authentic and impressive, despite this temple being a major tourist attraction.
The immediate surroundings of the temple compound belong to the World Heritage Site "Sacred City of Kandy" as well. Three temples called Devales, dedicated to Hindu deities, are located in the same garden as the Tooth Temple. Remarkably, they are mainly frequented by Buddhist Sinhalese devotees. Only the fourth so-called Devale, the one dedicated to Kataragama, is found at a different location, viz. in the town centre. The priests in the Kataragama Devale or not Sinhalese Kapuralas but Tamil Brahmins.
The largest Buddhist monastery of Kandy - and arguably the most important one of Sri Lanka at all - is the Malwatha Viharaya just at the opposite (southern) side of the Kandy Lake. Don't miss to visit the small museum embedded in a former monks' living quarter.
Moreover, there are three major museums in the immediate neigbourhood of the Tooth Temple, the Archaeological Museum, the National Museum, and the World Buddhist Museum. The Tea Msueum is in a suburb named Hantana. The world-famous Royal Botanical Garden is situated in the university suburb known as Peradeniya.
One major attraction of Kandy is its setting, surrounded by forested hills like Udawattakale, which is rich in birdlife, or Bahiravakanda, crowned by the huge seated Buddha overlooking the town. The best viewpoint, however, is Senani at the southern side of Kandy Lake.
Kandy is also a handicraft centre of the island and thereby the perfect place for a shopping tour including local markets and cultural exhibitions. Gem traders have most operate branches in Kandy as well.
Last not least, a visit to Kandy would not be complete without visiting one of the three major daily cultural and dance shows. The traditional dance style include courtly styles with impressive acrobatics and rural style including demon mask dances.
More about Kandy...
7. Minneriya & Kaudulla National Parks - largest gatherings of wild Asian elephants
Two smaller of Sri Lanka's national parks, Minneriya and Kaudulla, are not far from Sigiriya and Habarana in the centre of the Cultural Triangle. They have become increasingly famous for an event called elephant gathering, as during the dry season several smaller herds of wild elephants come to the freshwater lakes of Minneriya in northern summer months and Kaudulla around November. Afterwards, another gathering occurs at Hurulu Park.
The largest of these seasonal gatherings is that in Minneriya National Park, when a hundred up to three hundred wild elephants can be seen joining for a bath in the afternoon. Actually, this is the largest number of Asian elephants that can be seen at once at any place on the planet.
You should be aware, however, that this record-breaking elephant gathering is not only attracting you but sometimes hundreds of visitors in a long chain of jeeps. Then more human beings than elephants are gathered in the park. But avoiding wrong expectation of a lonesmoe wilderness, you will definitely not be disappointed, because you will be able to come quite close to the elephants.
Minneriya (and later on Kaudulla resp. Hurulu) safaris are mainly arranged from Habarana, but can easily be joint by travelers staying in Sigiriya or Dambulla or Kandalama or Polonnaruwa.
More about Minneriya...
The largest of these seasonal gatherings is that in Minneriya National Park, when a hundred up to three hundred wild elephants can be seen joining for a bath in the afternoon. Actually, this is the largest number of Asian elephants that can be seen at once at any place on the planet.
You should be aware, however, that this record-breaking elephant gathering is not only attracting you but sometimes hundreds of visitors in a long chain of jeeps. Then more human beings than elephants are gathered in the park. But avoiding wrong expectation of a lonesmoe wilderness, you will definitely not be disappointed, because you will be able to come quite close to the elephants.
Minneriya (and later on Kaudulla resp. Hurulu) safaris are mainly arranged from Habarana, but can easily be joint by travelers staying in Sigiriya or Dambulla or Kandalama or Polonnaruwa.
More about Minneriya...
8. Dambulla - the iconic Sinhalese cave temple full of images
The Dambulla Temple is known as “Rangiri Dambulu Viharaya“, which translates to “Golden-Rock Dambulla Monastery”. Many people don't know that the name does not refer to the modern yellow Buddha statue atop the museum building but to the claims of the Polonaruwa period king Nissanka Malla to have gilded the statues in the caves. Dambulla, however, is much older, it was already founded in the pre-Christian centuries.
The caves, situated at a terrace of the monadnock, are in an elevation of about 100 m above ground level. They are the biggest and best examples of typical Sinhalese image halls within caves. The natural rock shelters had formerly been inhabited by reclusive monks. But for the pilgrims visiting them the shelters were richly decorated with statues and paintings in the course of the centuries. 153 Buddha statues from various periods are placed within the caves, the ceiling and wall paintings are from the 18th century. They are held in high esteem as the most prominent samples of the Kandyan style.
Four caves are originals from the Kandyan period, wherea the fifth and last is modern. The largest of the caves is called Maharaja Lena. Actually, this is the largest room of its kind at all. It's named after two statues depicting kings ("Maharajas"). Statues of Hindu deities Vishnu and Saman are behind the Buddha.
Taking pictures is permitted inside the caves, but it's not permitted to use a flash nor to pose in front of statues. Five caves are decorated
Dambulla ia located close to the centre of the island. Together with Sigiriya, it forms the core region of the area known as Cultural Triangle. Apart from the famous destinations such as Minneriya National Park, there are several less-known places in the surroundings, such as the nature reserve Namal Uyana, Menikdena, which is the best example of a medieval temple in the Pabbata Vihara style, and the idyllic ruins in the jungle of Kaludiya Pokuna. Most noteworthy is the Nalanda Gedige to the south of Dambulla, as this is the island's only tantric temple with ancient carvings of drastic eroticism.
More about Dambulla...
The caves, situated at a terrace of the monadnock, are in an elevation of about 100 m above ground level. They are the biggest and best examples of typical Sinhalese image halls within caves. The natural rock shelters had formerly been inhabited by reclusive monks. But for the pilgrims visiting them the shelters were richly decorated with statues and paintings in the course of the centuries. 153 Buddha statues from various periods are placed within the caves, the ceiling and wall paintings are from the 18th century. They are held in high esteem as the most prominent samples of the Kandyan style.
Four caves are originals from the Kandyan period, wherea the fifth and last is modern. The largest of the caves is called Maharaja Lena. Actually, this is the largest room of its kind at all. It's named after two statues depicting kings ("Maharajas"). Statues of Hindu deities Vishnu and Saman are behind the Buddha.
Taking pictures is permitted inside the caves, but it's not permitted to use a flash nor to pose in front of statues. Five caves are decorated
Dambulla ia located close to the centre of the island. Together with Sigiriya, it forms the core region of the area known as Cultural Triangle. Apart from the famous destinations such as Minneriya National Park, there are several less-known places in the surroundings, such as the nature reserve Namal Uyana, Menikdena, which is the best example of a medieval temple in the Pabbata Vihara style, and the idyllic ruins in the jungle of Kaludiya Pokuna. Most noteworthy is the Nalanda Gedige to the south of Dambulla, as this is the island's only tantric temple with ancient carvings of drastic eroticism.
More about Dambulla...
9. Mirissa - only spot to have a chance of watching blue whales and sperm whales on one trip
During the last years, Mirissa near Weligama at Sri lanka's southern coast has developed into Asia’s leading whale-watching destination. Whale watching experiences in America or Africa might be more spectacular, some claim so. Anyway, there is something special about whale watching at Mirissa, as it's probably the only place where you have chances to spot both largest mammal species, blue whales and sperm whales, on the same boat tour. Also Fin whales, Bryde´s whales, dolphins and sometimes even orcas frequent this region, too. Furthermore, the blue whale population near the southern coast of Sri Lanka is exceptional in one respect: It's not migratory. The reason is the richness of krill all year long. Krill thrives at the bottom of the ocean in thousands of meters depth, usually much too deep for whales to dive deep enough for feeding. But at the edge of the narrow continental shelf near Mirissa upward currents are steady throughout the year. This is the reason for a permant supply krill close to the shore. The best period to watch whales is from the of November till March, the best time is end of March and begin of April. Afterwards, the sea is getting too rough.
The western half of Mirissa Beach is safe for swimming. For beginners, Mirissa Beach is a also very good spot to learn surfing in Sri Lanka, as Mirissa is not as crowded as the more famous surfing destinations Arugam Bay and Hikkaduwa and the bottom of the sea is entirely sandy without rocks or corals.
Mirissa is a good starting point for trips to the stilt fishers of Weligama, sea turtle farm of Koggale, World Heritage Site Galle, Hoomaniya blow Hole, or the rock temple of Mulkirigala.
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The western half of Mirissa Beach is safe for swimming. For beginners, Mirissa Beach is a also very good spot to learn surfing in Sri Lanka, as Mirissa is not as crowded as the more famous surfing destinations Arugam Bay and Hikkaduwa and the bottom of the sea is entirely sandy without rocks or corals.
Mirissa is a good starting point for trips to the stilt fishers of Weligama, sea turtle farm of Koggale, World Heritage Site Galle, Hoomaniya blow Hole, or the rock temple of Mulkirigala.
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10. Nuwara Eliya - Sri Lanka's Little England amidst three tea regions
Nuwara Eliya is the highest city in Sri Lanka. Till the late 19th century, this was uninhabited territory. It was developed by no less than The actual founder of the city was no less than Samuel Baker, the later explorer who, searching the springs of River Nile, discovered Lake Albert in central Africa. The cool climate of Nuwara Eliya turned out not only to be perfect for growing potatoes and Englsih vegetables, as originally intended by Samuel Baker, but to attract the British colonial officers from Colombo, who used to spent the hottest months of the yeas (prior to monsoon) in the highlands of Nuwara Eliya. The British flair has survived till the present day, Nuwara Eliya's nickname being "Little England". The very centre of the city is an 18 hole golf course.
Nuwara Eliya is also the name of one of the major tea regions of Sri Lanka. Most travelers visitng Nuwara Eliya cross this scenic tea region, as it stretches along the road from Kandy further north. In fact, Nuwara Eliya is surrounded by two more of the classical Ceylon tea regions, namely Uda Pussalawa to the east and Dimbula to the west.
Nuwara Eliya also attracts Hindu pilgrims, as the most important setting of the Indian national epic Ramayana is the Ashoka Vatika, which is usually identified with the forests of Sita Eliya near Hakgala Botanical Gardens. The letter is well known for birdlife, too.
Single Tree Mountain to the west of the city is a good panoramic viewpoint. In the valley, quite close to the town centre, is the bird sanctuary Galway that actually was declared national park, one of the smallest in Sri Lanka. Gregory Lake nearby offers boat rides with perfect views to Pidurutalagala (Mount Pedro), the highest mountain of Sri Lanka. In the periphery of Nuwara Eliya there are several waterfalls such as Bomburu Ella, which can be explored on hiking tours. Diary farms are a rare sight for Sri Lankans; on the island they can only be visited near Nuwara Eliya, most notably Ambewela Farm.
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Nuwara Eliya is also the name of one of the major tea regions of Sri Lanka. Most travelers visitng Nuwara Eliya cross this scenic tea region, as it stretches along the road from Kandy further north. In fact, Nuwara Eliya is surrounded by two more of the classical Ceylon tea regions, namely Uda Pussalawa to the east and Dimbula to the west.
Nuwara Eliya also attracts Hindu pilgrims, as the most important setting of the Indian national epic Ramayana is the Ashoka Vatika, which is usually identified with the forests of Sita Eliya near Hakgala Botanical Gardens. The letter is well known for birdlife, too.
Single Tree Mountain to the west of the city is a good panoramic viewpoint. In the valley, quite close to the town centre, is the bird sanctuary Galway that actually was declared national park, one of the smallest in Sri Lanka. Gregory Lake nearby offers boat rides with perfect views to Pidurutalagala (Mount Pedro), the highest mountain of Sri Lanka. In the periphery of Nuwara Eliya there are several waterfalls such as Bomburu Ella, which can be explored on hiking tours. Diary farms are a rare sight for Sri Lankans; on the island they can only be visited near Nuwara Eliya, most notably Ambewela Farm.
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11. Kitulgala - Sri Lanka's adventure destination number one
Kitulgala in the valley of River Kelani in the western part of Sri Lanka's central highlands was the setting of the movie "Bridge on the River Kwai", though the river of the same name is actually in western Thailand where the plot is set.
Kitulgala is Sri Lanka's adventure destination number one for many reasons, mainly due to the best white water rafting the island has to offer. There are seven rapids on a 7 km stretch of the river, they range from grade 2 to grade 4. (Rafting Grade 5 would be the most volatile one, Grade 6 would be impassable for rubber rafts.)
The best time to enjoy river rafting on the Kelani River is between May and and December, though most tourists come in the peak season between Christmas and Easter. For sefaty reason white water rafting should not be done at each and every day, because after heavy rain the river could become too volatile.
Kitulgala has more on offer than the rafting. Canoeing is an alternative option on other parts of the river further downstream. In side valleys, there are also opportunities of canyoning, though on an easy and modest level. Waterfall abseiling is another amazing activity. There are quite a lot waterfalls in the Kelani valley. Waterfalls are rewarding destination for hikes. Kitulgala is also a very good birdwatching area, as the avifauna of both the highlands and the tropical lowlands can be observed here.
Most visitor of Kitulgala cross the Kelani Valley on their way from the tea highlands of Nuwara Eliya or Kandy to Colombo or to the beaches of the southwestern coast such as Bentota or Hikkaduwa. Ratnapura, the gem city, is 75 km further south by road.
More about Kitulgala...
Kitulgala is Sri Lanka's adventure destination number one for many reasons, mainly due to the best white water rafting the island has to offer. There are seven rapids on a 7 km stretch of the river, they range from grade 2 to grade 4. (Rafting Grade 5 would be the most volatile one, Grade 6 would be impassable for rubber rafts.)
The best time to enjoy river rafting on the Kelani River is between May and and December, though most tourists come in the peak season between Christmas and Easter. For sefaty reason white water rafting should not be done at each and every day, because after heavy rain the river could become too volatile.
Kitulgala has more on offer than the rafting. Canoeing is an alternative option on other parts of the river further downstream. In side valleys, there are also opportunities of canyoning, though on an easy and modest level. Waterfall abseiling is another amazing activity. There are quite a lot waterfalls in the Kelani valley. Waterfalls are rewarding destination for hikes. Kitulgala is also a very good birdwatching area, as the avifauna of both the highlands and the tropical lowlands can be observed here.
Most visitor of Kitulgala cross the Kelani Valley on their way from the tea highlands of Nuwara Eliya or Kandy to Colombo or to the beaches of the southwestern coast such as Bentota or Hikkaduwa. Ratnapura, the gem city, is 75 km further south by road.
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12. Galle - best preserved colonial fortified town in Asia
Due to its natural harbour, which is one of the very few along the southwestern coastlines of Sri Lanka, Galle has been an important port and trade town since antiquity. The Portuguese were the first to fortify the town, but it was the Dutch who created the immense fortifications that can be seen today. As Galle is the best preserved colonial fortress in Asia, it has been declared World Heritage Site by UNESCO. It's possible and recommendable to walk along the city ramparts and bastions. Cliff jumpers can often be seen at Flag Rock Bastion.
Other prominent landmarks of the Old Town of Galle include the National Maritime Museum, the Historical Mansion Museum in a Dutch colonial house, Groote Kerk with several tombs with Dutch inscriptions inside and outside the church, and Amangalla, a historic luxury hotel. In between the Old Town and the New Town is one of Sri Lanka's most renowned cricket arenas. Galle New Town is perfect for shopping. The major sightseeing attraction of the New Town is St. Mary's Cathedral, which was once founded by Jesuit priests,
One creek of the natural harbour has become a surfspot. But the most beautiful beaches are on the opposite side of the harbour, stretching till Unwawatuna in 3 km distance. The Japanese peace pagoda offers a perfect view to the Old Town and harbour.
Holiday makers spending more than only one night in Galle often take part in an early morning whale watching tour in Mirissa. It's also popular to visit a cinnamon plantation, as the hinterland of Galle is the main cinnamon cultivation area of the island nation that famously produces the original and best cinnamon quality. A detour to the small rainforest of Kanneliya is worth considering, too. The larger Sinharaja Forest can only be explored on full-day excursions from Galle.
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Other prominent landmarks of the Old Town of Galle include the National Maritime Museum, the Historical Mansion Museum in a Dutch colonial house, Groote Kerk with several tombs with Dutch inscriptions inside and outside the church, and Amangalla, a historic luxury hotel. In between the Old Town and the New Town is one of Sri Lanka's most renowned cricket arenas. Galle New Town is perfect for shopping. The major sightseeing attraction of the New Town is St. Mary's Cathedral, which was once founded by Jesuit priests,
One creek of the natural harbour has become a surfspot. But the most beautiful beaches are on the opposite side of the harbour, stretching till Unwawatuna in 3 km distance. The Japanese peace pagoda offers a perfect view to the Old Town and harbour.
Holiday makers spending more than only one night in Galle often take part in an early morning whale watching tour in Mirissa. It's also popular to visit a cinnamon plantation, as the hinterland of Galle is the main cinnamon cultivation area of the island nation that famously produces the original and best cinnamon quality. A detour to the small rainforest of Kanneliya is worth considering, too. The larger Sinharaja Forest can only be explored on full-day excursions from Galle.
More about Galle...
13. Horton Plain's - the highlands national park for hiking to World's End
For hikers, Horton Plains in an altitude of roughly 2000 m is a must-see. The 4 hours hike starting at the central car park of the national park is pretty rich in variety. You can see both the grasslands called Patanas and the quaint montane cloud forests. Sambar deer and monkey can be spotted occasionally. Leopards occur in the park, too, but they are rarely sighted. Highlights of the hike are the two cliff edges and panoramic viewpoints called "Little World's End" and "Big World's End" and Baker's Falls, no waterfall in Sri Lanka can be found in a higher altitude.
Horton plains is one of the three regions that combined form the natural World Heritage Site "Central Highlands of Sri Lanka", which together with the Indian West Ghats is also one of the planets major biodiversity hotspots. Horton Plains is Sri Lanka's only national park situated in the highlands and allowing visitors to walk around without a ranger. But in order to protect the vulnerable ecosystem you must not leave the trails and cannot carry plastic with you and this will be checked at the entrance gate to the trek.
Horton Plains can be reached easily from Nuwara Eliya or Haputale. Another access road from the lowlands is only passable for four-wheelers.
The second and third highest peaks of Sri Lanka, Kirigalpotta and Thotupola, surmount the plains only by a few hundred meters. The trel to Thotupola takes only about 45 minutes but is less rewarding than the famous trail to World's End.
By the way, there are four more escarpments with scenic views in Sri Lanka's hillcountry which are also called "World's End" but to mark the difference from the two World's Ends of Horton Plains, they are only labeled "Mini World's End".
More about Horton Plains...
Horton plains is one of the three regions that combined form the natural World Heritage Site "Central Highlands of Sri Lanka", which together with the Indian West Ghats is also one of the planets major biodiversity hotspots. Horton Plains is Sri Lanka's only national park situated in the highlands and allowing visitors to walk around without a ranger. But in order to protect the vulnerable ecosystem you must not leave the trails and cannot carry plastic with you and this will be checked at the entrance gate to the trek.
Horton Plains can be reached easily from Nuwara Eliya or Haputale. Another access road from the lowlands is only passable for four-wheelers.
The second and third highest peaks of Sri Lanka, Kirigalpotta and Thotupola, surmount the plains only by a few hundred meters. The trel to Thotupola takes only about 45 minutes but is less rewarding than the famous trail to World's End.
By the way, there are four more escarpments with scenic views in Sri Lanka's hillcountry which are also called "World's End" but to mark the difference from the two World's Ends of Horton Plains, they are only labeled "Mini World's End".
More about Horton Plains...
14. Jaffna - pride of the island's Tamil culture
Jaffna is far away and Jaffna is special. No, though being the cultural centre of the island's Tamil culture, Jaffna is not more like South India than North Sri Lanka. Geographically and in a figurative sense, it's somewhat in between. It's also in between land and sea. Jaffna marks the southwestern end of the peninsula and a dam connects it to Velanai Island, better known as Kayts.
Jaffna's major attraction in the town centre is the Dutch Fort. The nearby Jaffna Public Library in an Indian colonial style edifice, it had to be rebuilt after it had been burnt down by fanatics. The centre of the Hindu culture of Jaffna is the suburb of Nallur. In fact it was Nallur that was once the capital of the Jaffna peninsula, it was only after the arrival of the Europeans that the town was shifted to the shores. The original Nallur Kandaswamy Temple was destoyed by the Portuguese. It was rebuilt at a new location in the 19th century. Today, it's the largest Hindu temple of Sri Lanka.
Jaffna city is the starting point for trips to all parts of the peninsula and offshore attractions such as Delft Island, which is famous for feral horses, and Nainativu Island which has a major Hindu pilgrimage site, namely the Nagapooshani Amman Kovil, and a major Buddhist pilgrimage site, too, the latter called Nagadipa.
On the peninsula, the dozens of small Buddhist stupas of Kandarodai are an almost unique ensemble and a rather enigmatic place. The wells of Kirimalai at the Naguleshvaram temple form another major Hindu pilgrimage site, the nearby natural harbour of Jambukola was the northern port of the island in antiquity and now houses a Buddhist sanctuary. Point Pedro is the northernmost point of Sri Lanka, marked by a lighthouse. Sri Lanka's longest dune field can be found at Manalkadu further west.
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Jaffna's major attraction in the town centre is the Dutch Fort. The nearby Jaffna Public Library in an Indian colonial style edifice, it had to be rebuilt after it had been burnt down by fanatics. The centre of the Hindu culture of Jaffna is the suburb of Nallur. In fact it was Nallur that was once the capital of the Jaffna peninsula, it was only after the arrival of the Europeans that the town was shifted to the shores. The original Nallur Kandaswamy Temple was destoyed by the Portuguese. It was rebuilt at a new location in the 19th century. Today, it's the largest Hindu temple of Sri Lanka.
Jaffna city is the starting point for trips to all parts of the peninsula and offshore attractions such as Delft Island, which is famous for feral horses, and Nainativu Island which has a major Hindu pilgrimage site, namely the Nagapooshani Amman Kovil, and a major Buddhist pilgrimage site, too, the latter called Nagadipa.
On the peninsula, the dozens of small Buddhist stupas of Kandarodai are an almost unique ensemble and a rather enigmatic place. The wells of Kirimalai at the Naguleshvaram temple form another major Hindu pilgrimage site, the nearby natural harbour of Jambukola was the northern port of the island in antiquity and now houses a Buddhist sanctuary. Point Pedro is the northernmost point of Sri Lanka, marked by a lighthouse. Sri Lanka's longest dune field can be found at Manalkadu further west.
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15. Ella - one of the most spectacular viewpoints of Sri Lanka
Ella in the Uva hills is on the way from the central highlands to the wildlife areas in the southeast of the island. Many travelers like to stay one night in Ella to enjoy the nice surroundings, for example walking to the summit of the so-called "Little Adam's Peak" in the morning and the seeing a train passing the nearby iconic bridge of "Nine Arches". But Ella would be worth a longer stay, too, just to explore some more of the charming places in the surroundings.
Ella's prime attraction is the spectacular view to the Ella Gap. You can see it from the gardens of the former resthouse, which is now a hotel but also serving tea to other guests in the afternoon. You should know that not all the places bearing the word "view" in their name actually offer perfect views. But there are some places with even better panorama's than the former resthouse close to the busy road. They are only a little bit outside town. The perfect views to the Ella Gap are those from the guesthouses and hotels along waterfall road, which branches off at the main junction in the centre of Ella but leads to the other side of the towns hillock. To name the best panoramic views by name, they are from the terraces or gardens “Zion View Guest House”, „Mountain Heaven“, and „Laura Hotel”. Regrettably, none of them is going to pay us for recommending them. The same applies to guesthouses and resorts further uphill. Indeed, the view from these locations 2 km away from the town are even more spectacular, as you can also see the namegiving waterfall of Ella and the entire Uva range, including its highest peak, Mount Namunukula. But the view to the Ella Gap is not that predominant as at those place mentioned above. These 180-degree panoramas can be enjoyed at "Ella Gap Panorama Guest House” and its neighboursm “Ambiente”, „Sky Green“, and „Heaven‘s Edge“.
The climb to the top of Ella Rock flanking Ella Gap on the right side is much more exhausting than that to Little Adam's Peak but not much more rewarding. So if you have time for only one of them, Little Adam's Peak to the left of Ella Gap would be the better choice.
On a day trip from Ella you could reach Namunukula. This climb is almost as exhausting as that to Adam's Peak, but there is one significant difference: there are no comfortable stairways up to Namunukula, only jungle pathes. We recommend the morning for the better views from the top. The easiest climb starts at the pass between Namunukula village and Spring Valley. The pass can not be reached by normal cars, only by jeeps or tuktuks.
Located at the foot of Namunukula mountain, the town of Badulla is an important Buddhist pilgrimage site and has some intersting churches and Hindu temples. The nearby waterfalls of Dunhinda can be reached from the road only via a 2 km long jungel path. Bogoda Bridge, a little bit more hidden, is the oldest wooden bridge of Sri Lanka.
More about Ella...
Ella's prime attraction is the spectacular view to the Ella Gap. You can see it from the gardens of the former resthouse, which is now a hotel but also serving tea to other guests in the afternoon. You should know that not all the places bearing the word "view" in their name actually offer perfect views. But there are some places with even better panorama's than the former resthouse close to the busy road. They are only a little bit outside town. The perfect views to the Ella Gap are those from the guesthouses and hotels along waterfall road, which branches off at the main junction in the centre of Ella but leads to the other side of the towns hillock. To name the best panoramic views by name, they are from the terraces or gardens “Zion View Guest House”, „Mountain Heaven“, and „Laura Hotel”. Regrettably, none of them is going to pay us for recommending them. The same applies to guesthouses and resorts further uphill. Indeed, the view from these locations 2 km away from the town are even more spectacular, as you can also see the namegiving waterfall of Ella and the entire Uva range, including its highest peak, Mount Namunukula. But the view to the Ella Gap is not that predominant as at those place mentioned above. These 180-degree panoramas can be enjoyed at "Ella Gap Panorama Guest House” and its neighboursm “Ambiente”, „Sky Green“, and „Heaven‘s Edge“.
The climb to the top of Ella Rock flanking Ella Gap on the right side is much more exhausting than that to Little Adam's Peak but not much more rewarding. So if you have time for only one of them, Little Adam's Peak to the left of Ella Gap would be the better choice.
On a day trip from Ella you could reach Namunukula. This climb is almost as exhausting as that to Adam's Peak, but there is one significant difference: there are no comfortable stairways up to Namunukula, only jungle pathes. We recommend the morning for the better views from the top. The easiest climb starts at the pass between Namunukula village and Spring Valley. The pass can not be reached by normal cars, only by jeeps or tuktuks.
Located at the foot of Namunukula mountain, the town of Badulla is an important Buddhist pilgrimage site and has some intersting churches and Hindu temples. The nearby waterfalls of Dunhinda can be reached from the road only via a 2 km long jungel path. Bogoda Bridge, a little bit more hidden, is the oldest wooden bridge of Sri Lanka.
More about Ella...
16. Arugam Bay - Sri Lanka's surfing destination with an amazing hinterland
During the northern summer months, Arugam Bay is surfers' favourits place in Sri Lanka. Main Point surfbreak in Arugam Bay can be rather crowded, but there are alternatives. From north to south, the surf breaks are Lighthouse Point 25 km north of Arugam Bay, Whiskey Point, Pottuvil Point and to the south Elephant Rock and Peanut Farm surfbreaks, Panama Point. Okanda surf point is in 30 km distance.
Arugam Bay and Pottuvil are a beach holiday destination for young people from all around the worls and from Sri Lanka alike. Partcularly in the weekends, the beach can become a party mile and noisy.
Just south of Arugam Bay is Crocodile Rock at a pond full of crocodiles. Sadly, this is the only point in Sri Lanka where a foreign traveler was killed by a wild animal. So don't underestimate the risks and better do not go alone. The lake, however, is picturesque and you are almost certain to see crocodiles here.
The surroundings of Arugam Bay are interesting for nature lovers. Kumana National Park is the eastern neighbour of Yala. Chances to observe leopards are low in Kumana, but sue to its diversity in lagoons and lakes and wetlands, it's famous for birdlife in particular.
Bordering the national park is the Kudumbigala sanctuary. It's both a pilgrimage site and a nature reserve. Chances to observe sloth bears close to the monastery are not too bad in the months of July and August. Kudumbigala rock is crowned by an ancient brick stupa of an uncommon form. The 360-degree panorama from the stupa platform is the best one in southeastern Sri Lanka.
To the east of Arugam Bay and Pottuvil is the small elephant corridor national park Lahugala. The ancient site of the same name is just outside the park borders.
To the north of Arugam Bay, you can find a wildlife area wher you can observe elephants free of charge and without a ranger. It's at the extraordinarily picturesque lake called Rufus Kulum, where you will rarely meet other travelers.
More about Arugam Bay...
Arugam Bay and Pottuvil are a beach holiday destination for young people from all around the worls and from Sri Lanka alike. Partcularly in the weekends, the beach can become a party mile and noisy.
Just south of Arugam Bay is Crocodile Rock at a pond full of crocodiles. Sadly, this is the only point in Sri Lanka where a foreign traveler was killed by a wild animal. So don't underestimate the risks and better do not go alone. The lake, however, is picturesque and you are almost certain to see crocodiles here.
The surroundings of Arugam Bay are interesting for nature lovers. Kumana National Park is the eastern neighbour of Yala. Chances to observe leopards are low in Kumana, but sue to its diversity in lagoons and lakes and wetlands, it's famous for birdlife in particular.
Bordering the national park is the Kudumbigala sanctuary. It's both a pilgrimage site and a nature reserve. Chances to observe sloth bears close to the monastery are not too bad in the months of July and August. Kudumbigala rock is crowned by an ancient brick stupa of an uncommon form. The 360-degree panorama from the stupa platform is the best one in southeastern Sri Lanka.
To the east of Arugam Bay and Pottuvil is the small elephant corridor national park Lahugala. The ancient site of the same name is just outside the park borders.
To the north of Arugam Bay, you can find a wildlife area wher you can observe elephants free of charge and without a ranger. It's at the extraordinarily picturesque lake called Rufus Kulum, where you will rarely meet other travelers.
More about Arugam Bay...
17. Udawalawa National Park - wild elephant guarantee throughout the year
Udawala means wild elephant guarantee throughout the year. The park covering 308 square kilometers is home to an elephant population of 500 or 600 individuals. This is one of the highest elephant pupulation densities in the entire world. Most of the small herds consist of five to ten females with their offspring, whereas the elephant bulls are usually loners.
Udawalawa is not far from all three major climate and vegetation zones of Sri Lanka. Though mainly belonging to the dry zone, the park has a unique climate with two rainy seasons, in the spring and fall months alike. The tropical rain forest of Sinharaja is only 50 m further east, wheras the highlands are only 50 km further north.
Attached to the park is an the Elephant Transit Home, which provides care for orphaned elephant babies but does not domesticate them, because they shall be returned to the wild.
Visitors can find guesthouses or camping sites close to the national park borders or in Embilipitiya, which is the nearest town. Major heritage attractions in the wider surrounding of Udawalawa are the colossal rock-cut Buddha statues of Buduruwagala to the northeast and the excavation site Ramba Vihara and the rock temple of Mulkirigala to the southwest.
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Udawalawa is not far from all three major climate and vegetation zones of Sri Lanka. Though mainly belonging to the dry zone, the park has a unique climate with two rainy seasons, in the spring and fall months alike. The tropical rain forest of Sinharaja is only 50 m further east, wheras the highlands are only 50 km further north.
Attached to the park is an the Elephant Transit Home, which provides care for orphaned elephant babies but does not domesticate them, because they shall be returned to the wild.
Visitors can find guesthouses or camping sites close to the national park borders or in Embilipitiya, which is the nearest town. Major heritage attractions in the wider surrounding of Udawalawa are the colossal rock-cut Buddha statues of Buduruwagala to the northeast and the excavation site Ramba Vihara and the rock temple of Mulkirigala to the southwest.
More about Udawalawa National Park...
18. Bentota - Sri Lanka's major beach resort for water fun & sports
Bentota Beach is the first choice of those holiday makers who like to indulge in water sports such as jet-skiing, waterskiing, wakeboarding, windsurfing or enjoy fun activities such as tube rides, banana boat, fly fish, speed boat rides, snorkeling.
Bentota is also one of the best destinations in Sri Lanka for wellness holidays, as a large choice of Ayurveda spas and treatments is available.
Bentota is situated on a small peninsula in between the open ocean and a kind of lagoon formed by the Bentota river close to its mouth. Surprisingly, the beach of Bentota is not always crowded, because nearby beaches and riversides are suitable alternatives for relaxation. But to be honest, there's sometimes a less delightful reason why the beach is empty: jiggers can occur in the sand. We made not such an experience ourselves, but traveler reports mention it.
Bentota is also inviting to take part in several half-day or full-day trips. Major attractions in the immediate surroundings spice and herbal gardens and toddy tappers and bullock cart rides, Beruwela fishing harbour and lighthouse island and Kechimalai, the first mosque of Sri Lana. In only a few kilometeres distance from Bentota are the most excellent modern landape gardens created by the brothers Bawa, namely Brief Gardens and Lunuganga Estate. Kande Vihara has one of the largest modern Buddha statues and perfect panoramic views. A full-day detour can combine a boat safari in the Madu Ganga wetlands with visits of a turtle hatchery in Kosgoda or Induruwa and the Meetiyagoda moonstone mine. Even a Colombo city tour is an option for travelers who spend a few days in Bentota.
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Bentota is also one of the best destinations in Sri Lanka for wellness holidays, as a large choice of Ayurveda spas and treatments is available.
Bentota is situated on a small peninsula in between the open ocean and a kind of lagoon formed by the Bentota river close to its mouth. Surprisingly, the beach of Bentota is not always crowded, because nearby beaches and riversides are suitable alternatives for relaxation. But to be honest, there's sometimes a less delightful reason why the beach is empty: jiggers can occur in the sand. We made not such an experience ourselves, but traveler reports mention it.
Bentota is also inviting to take part in several half-day or full-day trips. Major attractions in the immediate surroundings spice and herbal gardens and toddy tappers and bullock cart rides, Beruwela fishing harbour and lighthouse island and Kechimalai, the first mosque of Sri Lana. In only a few kilometeres distance from Bentota are the most excellent modern landape gardens created by the brothers Bawa, namely Brief Gardens and Lunuganga Estate. Kande Vihara has one of the largest modern Buddha statues and perfect panoramic views. A full-day detour can combine a boat safari in the Madu Ganga wetlands with visits of a turtle hatchery in Kosgoda or Induruwa and the Meetiyagoda moonstone mine. Even a Colombo city tour is an option for travelers who spend a few days in Bentota.
More about Bentota...
19. Trincomalee - harbour city with Sri Lanka's most revered Hindu shrine
No less than Admiral Nelson considered the creek of Trincomalee to be the best natural harbour of the world. Trincomalee is oriented seawards. And it's most important attractions, the Dutch Fort and the Koneshvaram Hindu shrine (Thirukoneshvaram Kovil) are located on a promontory, stretching out into the ocean.
The said Hindu shrine was destroyed by Purtuguese during a campaign of Christian iconoclasm. The buildings that can be seen today are from the British colonial period and later. However, it's not the architecture but the spectacular location and the Hindu ceremonies what makes Koneshvaram a major attraction today. Though an official ranking list does not exist. Koneshvaram Kovil dedicated to Lord Shiva can be considered to be the most sacred shrine of the island's Tamil minority, also attracting lots of Hindu devotees from mainland India. The Kali temple in town is another important and typical Tamil temple.
Trincomalee attracts tourists mainly because of the longest sandy beach of the entire island, namely Nilaveli Beach to the north of the city. Pigeon Island close to Nilaveli is has coral reefs. But to be honest, many visitors are disappointed when comparing the reef to those of other coral banks in the Indian Ocean. Second only to Mirissa at the south coast, Trincomalee is a major whale watching destination of Sri Lanka, the main season for this wildlife experience at the East COast being the months from May to October, when the sea at the south coast is usually too rough for this kind of holiday activity.
The hotwells of Kanniya to the northwest of Trincomalee are definitely not an atttraction for those who would like to consider a bath. You could only take a shower with a bucket here. The reason why you should consider a short detour is simply that this is another interesting pilgrimage place where you can observe ceremonies with water. Only a few kilometers further north is an archaeological site that is remarkable for historical reasons. The Chola Empire of southern India occupied major parts of the island in the first half of the 11th century and earned a bad reputation of being destroyers of Buddhist temples. But in Velgam Vehera near Trincomalee it was the other way around, the Cholas restored and even enlarged and embellished a Buddhist temple significantly, they did so for the Tamil Buddhist community that existed those days.
More about Trincomalee...
The said Hindu shrine was destroyed by Purtuguese during a campaign of Christian iconoclasm. The buildings that can be seen today are from the British colonial period and later. However, it's not the architecture but the spectacular location and the Hindu ceremonies what makes Koneshvaram a major attraction today. Though an official ranking list does not exist. Koneshvaram Kovil dedicated to Lord Shiva can be considered to be the most sacred shrine of the island's Tamil minority, also attracting lots of Hindu devotees from mainland India. The Kali temple in town is another important and typical Tamil temple.
Trincomalee attracts tourists mainly because of the longest sandy beach of the entire island, namely Nilaveli Beach to the north of the city. Pigeon Island close to Nilaveli is has coral reefs. But to be honest, many visitors are disappointed when comparing the reef to those of other coral banks in the Indian Ocean. Second only to Mirissa at the south coast, Trincomalee is a major whale watching destination of Sri Lanka, the main season for this wildlife experience at the East COast being the months from May to October, when the sea at the south coast is usually too rough for this kind of holiday activity.
The hotwells of Kanniya to the northwest of Trincomalee are definitely not an atttraction for those who would like to consider a bath. You could only take a shower with a bucket here. The reason why you should consider a short detour is simply that this is another interesting pilgrimage place where you can observe ceremonies with water. Only a few kilometers further north is an archaeological site that is remarkable for historical reasons. The Chola Empire of southern India occupied major parts of the island in the first half of the 11th century and earned a bad reputation of being destroyers of Buddhist temples. But in Velgam Vehera near Trincomalee it was the other way around, the Cholas restored and even enlarged and embellished a Buddhist temple significantly, they did so for the Tamil Buddhist community that existed those days.
More about Trincomalee...
20. Colombo - the nation's definitely most notorious traffic jam
Though it has developed into a less boring place during the last years, Colombo is still not yet precisely the most exciting city of Asia. For those with limited time, we recommend to spend their holidays at more attractive places on the island, as a day more in the highlands or heritage sites is more rewarding than a day in the capital. However, the capital is the capital and a city tour is worth considering as detour in case you stay in one of the beach resorts of the southwest coast.
Be aware, Colombo is not packed with world-class attractions like Delhi or Bangkok. However, there are some places that are worth a visit, most famously the seaside promenade called Galle Face Green at the northen end of which the colonial-style Old Parliament Building can be seen. The streets of the Pettah neighbourhood just behind the Colombo Fort are busy markets, giving you a feeling to be in the middle of everyday life in a typical Asian city. In contrast, the neigbourhood called Cinnamon Gardens further south is full of parks and colonial villas. The major attractions in this area are the National Museum, a true must-see for lovers of Buddhist art, and the Independence Square, which is a little bit photogenic. Another place of interest is the Buddhist Gangarama Temple near Beira Lake close to the neighbourhood known as Slave Island. Further south is the suburb Dehiwala, where Sri Lanka's most important zoo is located. Colombo offers the best choice of high-end hotels in Sri Lanka. Mount Lavinia in the southern outskirts is not only stylish but a protected beach worth considering a longer stay for relaxation. Colombo, being by far the most populated city of the nation, has definitely the best shopping opportunities in Sri Lanka, for each category of goods, from textiles to jewelry. As gambling is not permitted in many other Asian nations such as India, the casino of Colombo attracts travelers mainly from neighbouring countries.
When staying in Colombo, you should consider to enjoy some detours to the hinterlands. The Kelaniya temple, situated in the suburb of the same name, is the most important pilgrimage site in western Sri Lanka. It's revered by Buddhist and Hindu devotees alike. Buddhists consider Kelaniya the place Buddha visited first of all when arriving on the island for the first time. Hindus venerate Lord Vibhishana, an important hero of the Indian Ramayana epic, who became a mythical king of the island and the guardian deity of the west. The Muturajawela wetland offering boat safaris are only 25 km north of Colombo, the Madu Ganga wetlands are 100 km to the south but can quickly be reached via express way road. A less-known but highly attractive area crowded with romantic ancient sites is Siyana Korale only 30 km to the northeast of Colombo and easy to reach via the Kandy highway. This is really an insider tip for travelers to enjoy to this wonderful green and tranquil heritage area amidst Sri Lanka's by far most populated region, the Western Province.
More about Colombo...
Be aware, Colombo is not packed with world-class attractions like Delhi or Bangkok. However, there are some places that are worth a visit, most famously the seaside promenade called Galle Face Green at the northen end of which the colonial-style Old Parliament Building can be seen. The streets of the Pettah neighbourhood just behind the Colombo Fort are busy markets, giving you a feeling to be in the middle of everyday life in a typical Asian city. In contrast, the neigbourhood called Cinnamon Gardens further south is full of parks and colonial villas. The major attractions in this area are the National Museum, a true must-see for lovers of Buddhist art, and the Independence Square, which is a little bit photogenic. Another place of interest is the Buddhist Gangarama Temple near Beira Lake close to the neighbourhood known as Slave Island. Further south is the suburb Dehiwala, where Sri Lanka's most important zoo is located. Colombo offers the best choice of high-end hotels in Sri Lanka. Mount Lavinia in the southern outskirts is not only stylish but a protected beach worth considering a longer stay for relaxation. Colombo, being by far the most populated city of the nation, has definitely the best shopping opportunities in Sri Lanka, for each category of goods, from textiles to jewelry. As gambling is not permitted in many other Asian nations such as India, the casino of Colombo attracts travelers mainly from neighbouring countries.
When staying in Colombo, you should consider to enjoy some detours to the hinterlands. The Kelaniya temple, situated in the suburb of the same name, is the most important pilgrimage site in western Sri Lanka. It's revered by Buddhist and Hindu devotees alike. Buddhists consider Kelaniya the place Buddha visited first of all when arriving on the island for the first time. Hindus venerate Lord Vibhishana, an important hero of the Indian Ramayana epic, who became a mythical king of the island and the guardian deity of the west. The Muturajawela wetland offering boat safaris are only 25 km north of Colombo, the Madu Ganga wetlands are 100 km to the south but can quickly be reached via express way road. A less-known but highly attractive area crowded with romantic ancient sites is Siyana Korale only 30 km to the northeast of Colombo and easy to reach via the Kandy highway. This is really an insider tip for travelers to enjoy to this wonderful green and tranquil heritage area amidst Sri Lanka's by far most populated region, the Western Province.
More about Colombo...
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